Some unattended aerodromes have an ATF (Aerodrome Traffic Frequency) or designated
frequency rather than a manned control station. In Europe, unattended fields use a designated
frequency (e.g., 122.5 MHz) for self-announce procedures. The principle is the same: self-announce on that
frequency to all traffic. For the purposes of the ECQB exam and European operations, focus on the designated
frequency model.