This distinction appears in the actual phraseology. When ATC clears you, the word "cleared" is used:
ATC Clearance vs AFIS Information
ATC: "D-EHGH, cleared for takeoff runway 27." [When AFIS provides information, the phrase is "at own discretion":]
AFIS: "D-EHGH, wind 280, runway 27, takeoff at own discretion." [Or for landing:]
AFIS: "D-EHGH, runway 27, wind 270, land at own discretion."
These are not semantically equivalent. "Cleared" implies the station has checked for traffic and granted permission. "At own discretion" means you alone are responsible for collision avoidance.
Some student pilots who train only at controlled fields find this unsettling. It should not. Self-discipline is a pilot's greatest asset. Once you embrace the responsibility, uncontrolled flying becomes natural and rewarding.