The ICAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations, founded in 1944. Its goal is to coordinate international aviation safety, efficiency, and environmental protection. ICAO sets standards and recommended practices known as SARPs, covering aspects like air traffic control, security, and aircraft certification.

Important! ICAO itself doesn't directly enforce these rules. Instead, member states adapt ICAO SARPs into their own national laws and regulations.

Unlike ICAO, IATA is not a regulator. It's actually a trade association that represents airlines worldwide. Formed in 1945, IATA promotes airline safety, efficiency, cooperation, and helps standardize practices ranging from ticketing to baggage handling.

EASA is responsible for aviation safety in Europe. Established in 2002, EASA develops common safety and environmental rules at a pan-European level and oversees their implementation. This means EASA directly certifies aircraft, parts, and oversees other design and production companies to ensure compliance with its stringent safety standards.

Under the U.S. Department of Transportation, FAA is the national aviation authority for the United States. It was established in 1958 and handles all elements of U.S. civil aviation. From certifying pilots and airports to setting comprehensive safety and operational rules, FAA sets the aviation benchmarks in the U.S and significantly influences worldwide aviation standards.