A visual approach is an IFR procedure in which the pilot is cleared by ATC to visually navigate to the airport or runway without following a full instrument approach. While still under IFR, the pilot assumes responsibility for maintaining terrain and traffic separation visually once the visual approach clearance is received. This procedure is commonly used in good weather (VMC) to expedite traffic flow and reduce controller workload.
Requirement | Description |
---|---|
Visual reference | Pilot must have the runway, airport, or preceding aircraft in sight |
VMC | Conditions must meet or exceed VFR visibility and cloud clearance |
ATC clearance | Visual approach must be explicitly cleared by ATC |
Pilot responsibility | Maintain separation from terrain and other aircraft once cleared |
ATC | Pilot Response |
---|---|
“Cleared visual approach runway 27.” | “Cleared visual approach runway 27, OE-ABC.” |
“Report runway in sight.” | “Runway in sight, OE-XYZ.” |
“Maintain visual separation, follow traffic ahead.” | “Maintaining visual, following traffic, OE-GHI.” |
Feature | Visual Approach | VFR Arrival |
---|---|---|
Flight rules | IFR | VFR |
Clearance | Required from ATC | VFR join or self-announced |
Separation | Pilot assumes responsibility once cleared | Entirely pilot-managed |
Meteorological Conditions | VMC required | VMC required |
Common Usage | IFR arrivals in VMC | VFR traffic or uncontrolled airfields |
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