| V-Speed | Description | Approximate Value (KIAS) |
|---|---|---|
| VS | Stall speed, clean (flaps up) | ~48 KIAS |
| VSO | Stall speed, landing configuration (full flaps) | ~40 KIAS |
| VX | Best angle of climb | ~62 KIAS |
| VY | Best rate of climb | ~74 KIAS |
| VFE | Maximum flap extended speed (10°) | 110 KIAS |
| Maximum flap extended speed (20°–30°) | 85 KIAS | |
| VA | Design maneuvering speed (max weight) | ~105 KIAS |
| VNO | Maximum structural cruising speed | 129 KIAS |
| VNE | Never exceed speed | 163 KIAS |
| Normal approach | Final approach speed (full flaps) | ~60–65 KIAS |
| V-Speed | Description | Approximate Example Value (KIAS) |
|---|---|---|
| V1 | Takeoff decision speed | ~150–170 KIAS (varies with weight and runway) |
| VR | Rotation speed | ~160–180 KIAS |
| V2 | Takeoff safety speed (one engine inoperative climb) | ~170–190 KIAS |
| VREF | Reference landing approach speed (full landing flaps) | ~145–160 KIAS |
| VFE | Maximum flap extended speeds (depending on flap setting) | Typically 180–260 KIAS across flap settings |
| VA / turbulence penetration | Recommended turbulence penetration speed | Typically around 270–290 KIAS (or Mach 0.78–0.80 at altitude) |