Safety assurance: Ensures that essential systems required for the planned type of operation (for example, Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), icing conditions, night operations) are fully functional.
Regulatory compliance: Translates high-level regulatory requirements and the Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL) into a practical, operator-approved document.
Operational flexibility: Allows flights to continue with certain non-critical items inoperative, reducing unnecessary cancellations and delays.
Standardization: Provides a consistent decision-making process for pilots, dispatchers, and maintenance personnel when dealing with defects.
Item reference: Chapter and section, often based on the ATA (Air Transport Association) system code, for example 34-10 for navigation systems.
Item name: The equipment or system, such as "Attitude Indicator" or "Passenger Address System".
Number installed: How many of that item are on the aircraft.
Number required for dispatch: The minimum number that must be operative for the flight.
Remarks or exceptions: Conditions, limitations, or procedures to be followed when the item is inoperative, such as speed restrictions, daylight-only operation, or additional crew requirements.
Pilots: Use the MEL to decide if a flight can depart with an inoperative item and to apply any required operational limitations.
Maintenance personnel: Use the MEL to determine whether a defect can be deferred, what placards or maintenance actions are required, and how long the item may remain unserviceable.
Dispatchers or operations control: Coordinate routing and planning based on MEL restrictions, such as altitude limits, performance penalties, or alternate airport requirements.
Identify the defect: Read the aircraft technical log or note the inoperative item during preflight or postflight checks.
Locate the MEL entry: Use the system index or ATA chapter to find the corresponding item in the MEL.
Confirm applicability: Ensure the MEL item matches the specific equipment installed on the aircraft (model, options, and configuration).
Check "number required for dispatch": Compare the number installed with the number required. If the minimum number is not met, the aircraft is not dispatchable.
Review remarks and conditions: Carefully read any limitations, required procedures, placards, or maintenance actions.
Apply operational limitations: Adjust the flight plan as needed (for example, day-only operation, no known icing, altitude restrictions).
Document the decision: Record the defect, MEL reference, deferral category, and any placards or actions taken in the technical log, following company procedures.
For day VFR, regulations may require specific instruments and radios. These must be working, regardless of MEL allowances.
For IFR, additional navigation and communication equipment is required. An MEL entry might allow dispatch with one of two navigation systems inoperative, but only if the remaining system meets all IFR requirements for the planned route.
For night operations, lighting requirements must be met. An MEL entry might restrict operations to day only if a certain light is inoperative.